Type-writing machine.



B. C. STICKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 7. 1915.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT UFFTCE.

BURNHAM C. STICKNEY, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY. ASSIGNOR TO UNDERW'OODTYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 14,1915.

Application filed July 7, 1915. Serial No. 38,419.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BURNHAM C. STICK- NEY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inType-\Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriting machines of the class in which asingle carriage is movable from one type system to another type system,one system having a separate printing zone from the other.

The invention relates to the means by which the carriage is givenletter-feeding movements when cooperating with said type systems.

The principal object of the invention is to provide simple, inexpensiveand etiicient means for feeding the carriage.

Another object of the invention is to provide simple means for securinggreater letter-spacing movements of the carriage when cooperating withone type system than when cooperating with the other.

According to the present improvements, each keyboard operates auniversal bar. and the universal bars are connected to a singleescapement, the escapement comprising the usual letter-feeding dogs andescapement wheel. The universal bar may in each instance be engageddirectly by the type-bars, as usual in the Underwood typewritingmachine, and the universal bars may be pivoted to arms mounted upon asingle transverse horizontal rock shaft, so that any key in eithersystem can rock said shaft. This rock shaft may have, preferably at apoint between the two type systems, an arm to engage the dog rocker ofthe escapement mechanism, so that when any key in either keyboard isoperated, said dog rocker is rocked and the carriage, no matter what itsposition, is fed a letter-space. Each keyboard includes a spacekey, andeach space-key can operate the common escapement mechanism, and henceeither space-key can be used to space the carriage, regardless of itsposition. Upon the typewriter carriage is mounted a double-length rackdevice for cooperation with said escapement wheel; said rack devicebeing hinged upon the carriage so as to be releasable by the usualrelease key.

One feature of the present impro ements is the provision of means foreffecting greater letter-feeding movements of the carriage whencooperating with one type system. than when coopenting with the other,and to this end, the rack device on the carriage comprises two racks,placed substan tially end to end. one operating a relatively smallpinion, and the other operating a relatively large pinion. both of saidpinions coo erati e with said escapement wheel. hen the small pinion isin use, the feeding movements of the typewriter carriage are relativelyshort; when the large pinion is in use. said feeding movements arerelatively long. This variation is of advantage in many cases, as forinstance, where small types are used in one type system and larger typesin the other type system. Said pinions may be rigidly connectedtogether, and the pair may have the usual pawl-and ratchet connection tothe escapement wheel. The remaining details of the escapement mechanismmaybe of the type usual in the Underwood typewriting machine.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a rear elevation view of themachine. Fig. 2 is a front perspective view, showing the two universalbars and the single cscapement mechanism operated thereby. Fig. 3 is apart sectional end elevation View of the machine.

The mechanism shown is that common to the commercial Underwood machine.except as modified to embody the principles of my invention.

As shown. two machine frames A and B are supported on a common base 4.each frame having mounted therein a separate type s stem. A rollerplaten 5. which may be brought into position to cooperate with eithertype s stem. is mounted in a platen frame 6 shiftable to upper and lowercase positions in the carria e 7. The carriage is mounted to tra el onfront and rear guide rails. the rear guide rail 8 being fixed to endstandards 9 of the machine frame. and intermediate standards 10. Therail 8 and standards 10 may form part of the means for rigidly unitingthe frames A and B.

Each of the type systems comprises a set of type-bars 11 jcurnaled on afulcrum rod 12 to swing upwardly and rearwardly and cause the types 13to strike against the front face of the platen. The types are actuatedby keys 14 on ke levers 15, fulcrumed at 16, said levers connectedthrough hellcranks 17 to the type-bars. The carriage is driven in letterfeed direction by a spring drum 18 connected through a band 19 to thecarriage. The letter-feed travel of the carriage is controlled by asingle escapement mechanism arranged to be operated by the keys ofeither type system. Said escapement mechanismcomprises an escapementwheel 20 and escapement dogs 21, which control the rotation of saidwheel, said dogs being carried by a dog rocker 22.

- The escapement mechanism is preferably located about midwaybetween-the two type systems, as measured in the direction of thecarriage travel; and as shown, said mechanism is mounted on a frame orbracket 2O which bridges the standards 10 and may be fixed thereto.

A driving connection between the carriage and the escapement wheel 20 ispro vided by means of a double length rack device comprising racks 24and 25 which may he rigidly united, as by a connecting bar 23, saidracks arranged to drive respectively, escapement pinions 26 and 27. Saidpinions may be rigidly connected together and may have a one-way drivingconnection with the escapement wheel 20, through a pawl 28 on saidwheel. The rack device may be carried on swinging arms 29 journaled onthe carriage, and may be lifted by a key 30 to disengage the racks fromthe escapement pinions and permit movement of the carriage in eitherdirection, independently of the escapement mechanism.

The racks 24 and 25 are so positioned that while the platen is inposition to cooperate with the left-hand set of types, the rack 24 runsin mesh with its pinion 26, and when the platen is in position tocooperate with the right-hand set of ty es, the rack 25 engages itspinion 27. The two escapement pinions 26 and 27 may be of different dieameters, so that the letter-feed movements of the carriage whencooperating with one type system. are reater than when cooperating withthe other type system. thereby permitting larger types to be used in oneset than in the other. As the angular rotation of the escapement wheel20 is the same for each letter-space rotation. the width of theletter-spaces will obviously be proportional to the diameters of theescapement pinions 26, 27. which rotate with the wheel 20. Thus, withthe construction shown, the letter-spaces for the right-hand set oftypes will be wider than for the left-hand set. Obviously, thisarrangement could be re versed. or by making the escapement pinions ofthe same diameter, or employing 23 single escapement pinion and rack,the letter-spaces could be made eoual for both type systems.

The means for actuating the escapement dogs comprises universal bars 31,one for each set of types, each universal bar lying in the path ofshoulders 32 on the type-bars, whereby at each ty e stroke, a universalbar is moved rearwardly. Each universal bar is supported and guided atits front end by a tongue 31 thereon, working in a slot in the type-barsegment 33, and at its rear end is pivotally connected to rock arms 34,one or both of said arms being fixed to a rock shaft 35, supported onstandards 36. The rock shaft 35 carries an arm 37, which projectsupwardly in front of the dog rocker 22. so that as the shaft 35 isrocked by a universal bar at each type stroke, the dog rocker isactuated and the dogs operated in the well-known manner to permitrotation of the escapement wheel 20. The universal bars and partsconnected thereto, may be returned by springs 38. A space-bar 39 isprovided in connection with each type system. Each space-bar isconnected to a rock shaft 40, carrying a rearwardly extending arm 41,underlying an arm 42 on the rock shaft 35, whereby said shaft is rockedand the escapement operated at each depression of a space-bar. Eitherspace-bar may be used to letter-space the carriage, while the latter isin either printing zone.

The platen may be shifted to upper case position by means of a shift keyor keys, which operate the platen-shifting frame 43, comprising a shiftrail 44, on which runs a roll 45 on the platen frame. The illustrationof the shift keys and various other mechanisms and adjuncts common tothe Underwocd machine, and which may be employed in machines embodyingthe present invention, is omitted as being unnecessary to a fullunderstanding of the invention.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A typewriting machine comprising. in combination, separate typesystems ha ing separate printing fields, a paper carriage movable tobring a work-sheet thereon into either printing field, means to drivethe carriage, and a single escapement device operable to control theletter-feed travel of the carria e while the work-sheet is in eitherprinting field, said escapement device controlled by the keys of eithertype system.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two sets of types, aseparate set of keys for eachtype set, the sets of types printing inseparate zones, and Work-piece feeding means comprising an escapementdevice to control the letter-space movements of the work-pieces, saidescapement device being controlled and actuated by the keys of bothsets.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with separate type systemshaving separate printing fields and arranged side by side, said systemseach comprising a set of type-keys and types arranged to swing to acommon printing center, of a carriage, a motor to drive the carriage,said carriage shiftable from one printing field to the other, andletter-feed mechanism controlling the letter-feed movements of thecarriage, said mechanism comprising a single escapement device under thecontrol of both sets of keys.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with type systems, onesystem having a separate printing zone and a separate set of keys fromthe other system, of a paper carriage movable from one printing zone tothe other, a motor to drive the carriage, a single escapement mechanismto control the letter-space movements of the carriage while at eitherprinting zone, said escapement mechanism operable by the keys of eitherset, and means associated with said escapement for enabling greaterletter-space movements of the carriage when the latter is in oneprinting zone than when it is in the other printing zone.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and types operated thereby, the types ofone set operating in a separate printing zone from the types of theother set, a carriage, means to drive the carriage, an escapement deviceoperated and controlled by the keys of either set, and drivingconnections between the escapement device and the carriage, saidconnections arranged to permit the carriage to move through greaterletter-space distances when the escapement is operated by the keys ofone set than when it is operated by the keys of the other set.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and types operated thereby, the types ofone system having a separate printing zone from those of the other typesystem, of a paper carriage shiftable to bring a work-piece thereon toeither printing zone, a motor to drive the carriage, a toothedescapement wheel, means for driving said wheel from the carriage,escapement dogs cooperating with said wheel, and means controlled by thekeys of both sets for actuating said dogs and thereby permitting theescapement wheel to rotate a dis tance of one tooth at each operation ofa key, for effectingletter-space movements of the carriage 7. In atypewriting machine, the combination with separate type systems, eachcomprising a set of keys and types operated thereby, the types of onesystem having a separate printing zone from those of the other typesystem. of a paper carriage shiftable to bring a work-piece thereon toeither printing zone, a motor to drive the carriage, a toothedescapement wheel, means for driving said wheel from the carriage,escapement dogs cooperating with said wheel, and means controlled by thekeys of both sets for actuating said dogs and thereby permitting theescapement wheel to rotate a distance of one tooth at each operation ofa key, for effecting letter-space movements of the carriage, the meansfor driving the escapement wheel being arranged to permit the carriageto move through a greater distance at each rotation of the escapmementwheel while the carriage is at one printing zone than While it is at theother printing zone, whereby the letter-space distances for one set oftypes are greater than for the other set.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and types operated thereby, the types ofone system having a separate printing zone from those of the other typesystem, of a paper carriage shiftable to bring a work-piece thereon toeither printing zone, a motor to drive the carriage, an escapementwheel, escapement pinions connected to drive said wheel, racks on thecarriage to run in mesh with the respective escapement pinions fordriving said wheel, said racks so arranged that one rack is operativewhile the carriage is in one printing zone and the other rack isoperative while the carriage is in the other printing zone, and meansoperated by the keys of both sets to permit the escapement wheel torotate a fixed angular distance at each operation of a type key forletter-feeding the carriage, said pinions being of different diameters,whereby the letter-space movements of the carriage, while drivingthrough one of said racks, are greater than the letterspace movementswhile driving through the other rack.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and types operated thereby, the types ofone system having a separate printing zone from those of the other typesystem, of a paper carriage shittable to bring a work-piece thereon toeither printing zone, a motor to drive the carriage, means to controlthe letter-feed movements of the carriage, said means comprisinguniversal bars, one of said bars actuated by the keys of one set, andthe other actuated by the keys of the other set, escapement mechanismincluding an escapement wheel and cooperating dogs, and means operableby both said universal bars for actuating the dogs to cause letter-feedmovements of the carriage.

10. In a'typewriting machine, the combination with separate typesystems, each comprising a set 01"- keys and types operated thereby, thetypes of one system having a separate printing zone from those of theother type system, of a paper carriage shiftable to bring a Work-piecethereon to either printing zone, a motor to drive the carriage, means tocontrol the letter-feed movements of the carriage, said means comprisinguniversal bars, one of said bars actuated by the keys of one set and theother actuated by the keys of the other set, escapement mechanismincluding an escapement wheel and cooperating dogs, means operable byboth said universal bars for actuating the dogs, escapement pinionsarranged to drive said escapement wheel, a rack device comprising a rackto drive one pinion when the carriage is at one printing zone and a rackto drive the other pinion while the carriage is at the other printingzone, and a key to lift said rack device and disengage the racks fromsaid pinions to permit movement of the carriage independently of theescapement mechanism, one of said pinions being of greater diameter thanthe other pinion, to effect greater letter-space movements of thecarriage when the types of one set are operated than when the types ofthe other set are operated.

11. A typewriting machine comprising, in combination, separate typesystems, each system comprising a set of keys and a set of type-barsactuated thereby, universal bars, one associated with each set oftypebars and lying in the path of the type-bars to be actuated thereby,a carriage, means to drive the carriage, an escapement mechanism tocontrol the letter-feed movements of the carriage, a rock shaft arrangedto be operated by either universal bar, and means operated by said rockshaft to actuate the escapement mechanism for effecting a letterteedmovement of the carriage when a type key of either set is actuated.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of separate type systems,each comprising keys and type-bars actuated thereby, the type'bars ofone set having a separate printing zone from those of the other set, acarriage shittable from one printing zone to the other, means to drivethe carriage, spacekeys, one associated with each type system, and meansoperable by each space-key to eii ect letter-space movements of thecarriage while at either printing zone.

13. The combination of a carriage, a single escapement mechanism,connecting devices for efiecting diflerent connections between thecarriage and escapement'mechanism, one of said connecting devicesoperable point, the escapement mechanism being unv der the control ofthe keys ofone set while connected to the carriage through one of saiddevices, and under the control of the keys of the other set whenconnected to the carriage through the other of said devices.

14:. 'ihe combination of a paper carriage, means to drive the carriage,an escapement mechanism to control the letter-feed movements of thecarriage, connecting means between the carriage and escapementmechanism, said connecting means comprising alternatively active racksand pinions to cooperate therewith, one rack and pinion arranged topermit movement of the carriage through a greater distance at eachoperation of the escapement than is permitted when the carriage isconnected through the other rack and pinion, and a key for lifting bothracks simultaneously, so as to disengage the active rack from itspinion, thereby to permit movement of the carriage independently of theescapement mechanism.

15. A typewriting machine, comprising, in combination, a plurality or"separate type systems, each system having its individual printing centerand comprising a set of keys and a set of type-bars actuated thereby,universal bars, one associated with each type-system and controlled bythe keys of said system, a carriage, means to drive the carriage, anescapement mechanism controlling the letter-ieed movement of thecarriage, and an actuating device arranged to be operated by eitheruniversal bar, said actuating device operable to actuate the escapementmechanism for eiiecting a letterfeed movement of the carriage when atype key of either set is actuated.

16. A typewriting machine, comprising a plurality of separate typesystems, each system having its individual printing center and includinga set of keys and a set of typebars actuated thereby, universal bars,one lying in thepath of the type-bars of each set, to be actuated by theindividual bars of the set, a carriage, means to drive the carriage, anescapement device to control the letter-feed movements of the carriage,and anactuator for said escapement device arranged to be operated byeither universal bar, for eliecting a letter-feed movement of thecarriage at each operation of a type key of either set.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and type-bars actuated thereby, thetype-bars of one set having a separate printing zone from those in theother set, a carriage shiftable from one printing zone to the other,means to drive the carriage, space-keys, one associated with each typesystem, and a single escapement device under the control of bothspace-keys, and operable by each space-key to cause letter-teedmovements or the carriage while the latter is at either printing zone.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and type-bars actuated thereby, thetype-bars of one set having a separate printing zone from those in theother set, a carriage shit'table from one printing zone to the other,means to drive the carriage, space-keys, one associated with each typesystem, and a single escapement device under the control of bothspace-keys, and operable by each space-key to cause letter-Ieedmovements of the carriage while the latter is at either printing zone,said escapement device also controlled and operated by the keys of bothtype systems.

15). In a typewriting machine, the combination of separate type systems,each comprising a set of keys and types actuated thereby, each systemhaving a separate printing zone, an escapement mechanism located at anintermediate position between said type systems, and means whereby saidescapement mechanism may be controlled and operated by the keys ofeither system.

20. In a multiplex-typewriting machine, the combination of keyboardsarranged side by side, sets of types, one set for each keyboard, thetypes of each set being individual to the keys of their keyboard foroperation thereby, a carriage shit'table into positions corresponding tothe sets of types to cooperate with any one of said sets of types, asingle letter-feed mechanism to control the letter-feed movements of thecarriage, and separate means for each of said carriage positions tooperatively connect the carriage to said letter-feed mechanism, theextent of the individual letter-teed movements of the carriage effectedby the operation of the keys of one set being greater than thoseeffected by the operation of the keys of another set.

21. In a multipleX-typewriting machine, the combination of amultiple-length track, a carriage mounted to travel thereon, akeyactuated device for effecting a step-by-step letter-feed movement ofthe carriage, and means whereby the extent of movement of the carriageat each step controlled by said device during the carriage travel overone predetermined length of track is different from the extent ofmovement at each step controlled by said device during the travel of thecarriage over another predetermined length of the track.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination, with a carriage track, ofa carriage having different definite stages of travel during a singlecomplete run from one end of said track to the other, a singleletterfeed mechanism for effecting sLep-by-step letter-feed movements ofthe carriage throughout all of the difierent stages of its travel, andmeans whereby the carriage is caused to move through a greater distanceat each step during one stage of travel than during another.

In a multipleX-typewriting machine, the combination of a plurality ofkeyboards arranged side by side, separate sets or types, one for eachkeyboard, the types of each set being individual to the keys of itskeyboard for operation thereby, a multiplelength track, a carriagetraveling thereon, and shiftable along said track into position tocooperate with either of said sets of types, an escapement mechanismlocated substantially midway between the sets of types as measured inthe direction of the carriage travel, and means whereby said escapementmechanism is operative by the keys of one set to efi'ect letter-feedmovements of the carriage while in the printing zone for the types ofsaid set, said escapement mechanism operable by the keys of the otherset while the carriage is in the printing zone for the types of saidother set.

2t. In a niultiplex-typewriting machine, the combination of a pluralityof keyboards arranged side by side, separate sets of types, one for eachkeyboard, the types of each set being individual to the keys of itskeyboard for operation thereby, a multiple-length track, a carriagetraveling thereon, and shift-able along said track into position tocooperate with either of said sets of types, an escapement mechanismlocated substantially midway between the sets of types as measured inthe direction of the carriage travel, and means whereby said escapementmechanism is operative by the keys of one set to ei'iect letter-feedmovements of the carriage while in the printing zone for the types ofsaid set, said escapement mechanism operable by the keys of the otherset while the carriage is in the printing zone for the types of saidother set, the carriage having connections with the escapement mechanismwhile in one printing zone for effecting wider letter-space movementsthan those effected by said mechanism while the carriage is in the otherprinting zone.

25. A typewriting machine, comprising a plurality of keyboards; aplurality of systems of alphabetical types, the types in one systembeing operable independently of those in the other system; apaper-carrier adjustable to cooperate with either typesystem; and asingle escapement mechanism operated by the keys of either keyboard foreiiecting letter-feeding movement of said paper-carrier when incooperative relation to the corresponding type-system.

26. A typewriting machine, comprising a plurality of type-systems, eachsystem having its individual printing center, and the types in onesystem being operable inclependently of those in the other system; a setof keys for operating each type-system; a paper-carrier adjustable toeither printing center; and a single escapement mechanism operated byeither set of keys for elfecting letter-feeding movement of saidpaper-carrier when in cooperative relation to the cor respondingtype-system.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage havingdifferent definite stages of travel throughout a single complete run;and a single key-actuated escape- Inent mechanism cooperative with saidcarriage during its entire run, to control the step-bystep,letter-feeding movements of said carriage during each of said stages,said movements differing in extent from one another for each individualstage.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage havingdifferent definite stages of travel throughout a single complete run; asingle escapement mechanism cooperative with said carriage during itsentire run, to control the step-by-step, letterfeeding movements of saidcarriage during each of said stages, said movements differing in extentfrom one another for each individual stage; and a separate key-actuateddevice for each individual stage connected to operate said escapementmechanism.

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage; and asingle key-actuated escapement mechanism for necessarily effecting astep-by-step, letter-feeding movement of said carriage of one extent forsolely a predetermined portion of its run, and for necessarily effectinga step-by-step, letter-feeding movement of different extent from thefirst-named movement during solely the remainder of such run.

30. The combination, with a paper-carrier, and driving mechanismtherefor; of a single escapement mechanism to control the letter-feedmovements of the paper-carrier; and a plurality of selective connectionsbetween said escapement mechanism and said paper-carrier, eachcomprising a rack and an associated pinion, said racks being arrangedsubstantially end to end.

31. The combination with a paper-carrier, and driving mechanismtherefor; of a single escapement mechanism to control the letter-feedmovements of the paper-carrier; and a plurality of selective connectionsbetween said escapement mechanism and said paper-carrier, eachcomprising a "ack and an associated pinion, said racks being arrangedsubstantially end to end, and said pinions being of different diameters,thereby to vary the extent of the letter-feed movements of saidpaper-carrier.

32. The combination, with a paper-ear rier, and driving mechanismtherefor; of a single escapement mechanism to control the letter-feedmovements of the paper-carrier; a plurality of selective connectionsbetween said escapement mechanism and said papercarrier, each comprisinga rack and an associated pinion, said racks being arranged and connectedsubstantially end to end; and a key for lifting both rackssimultaneously, so as to release the rack of the selected connectionfrom engagement with the corresponding pinion.

33. The combination, with a paper-carrier, and driving mechanismtherefor; of a single escapement mechanism to control the letter feedmovements of the paper-carrier; a plurality of selective connectionsbetween said escapement mechanism and said papercarrier, each comprisinga rack and an associated pinion, said racks being arranged and connectedsubstantially end to end, and said pinions being of different diameters,thereby to vary the extent of the letterfeed movements of saidpaper-carrier; and a key for lifting both racks simultaneously, so as torelease the rack of the selected connection from engagement with thecorresponding pinion.

34. The combination, With a multiplelcngth track, a carriage arranged totravel from end to end thereof, and driving mechanism for said carriage;of a single escapement mechanism for controlling the letterfeedmovements of the carriage throughout its entire travel; and a connectionbetween said carriage and said escapement mechanism comprising amultiple-section rack, one section for each length of said track, and aseparate pinion for each rack section, said rack sections being ar'angedsubstantially in endwise alinement and being selectively engageable withtheir associated pinions.

35. The combination, with a multiplelength track, a carriage arranged totravel from end to end thereof, and driving mechanism forsaid carriage;of a single escapement mechanism for controlling the letterfeedmovements of the carriage throughout its entire travel; and a connectionbetween said carriage and said escapement mechanism comprising amultiplesection rack, one section for each length of said track, and aseparate pinion for each rack section, said rack sections being arrangedsubstantially in endwise alinement and being selectively engageable withtheir associated pinions, and said pinions being of different diameters,thereby to vary the extent of the letter-feed movements of saidcarriage.

36. In a typewriting machine, the combination, with a plurality ofkeyboards arranged side by side, and asystem of types for the keys ofeach keyboard, each-system of types having its individual printingcenter; of a multiple-length track; a letterfeeding carriage adjustablethereon to position to cooperate With any one of said type-systems; anda single escapement mechanism operated by the keys of all of thekeyboards, for effecting letter-feeding movement of said carriage whenin cooperative relation to the corresponding type-system.

BURN HAM C. STICKNEY.

Witnesses:

W. O. WESTPHAL, JULIUS DUCKSTINE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

